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Pharmacology
Analytical Laboratory
Mission of the Laboratory
The Laboratory's mission is to provide high quality drug analysis
service for the College of Veterinary Medicine and other research
collaborators. The Laboratory provides expertise and has available
equipment to measure drugs, drug metabolites, toxicants, and
some endogenous compounds in a wide range of biological matrices.
The laboratory has the expertise and commitment to perform validation
tests for all assays and perform quality assurance determination
for all studies. The laboratory also has the expertise to perform
pharmacokinetic analysis for studies and provide consultation
for designing pharmacokinetic experiments. The laboratory also
performs a teaching function as it serves as a teaching laboratory
for pharmacology graduate students in the College.
Laboratory
Personnel
A. Supervisor:
Dr.
Mark G. Papich
Professor of Clinical Pharmacology
Diplomate of the American College of Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology
Phone: 919-513-6221
Fax: 919-513-6465
Email: mark_papich@ncsu.edu
B. Laboratory
Manager
Ms. Delta Dise, Chem Tech III
Phone: 919-513-6385
Fax: 919-513-6465
Email: delta_plummer@ncsu.edu
Drug
Analysis Currently Available*
High Performance
Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)- UV, and EC detection.
- Amiloride
- butorphanol
- Cephalosporins
(ceftazidime, cefuroxime, cefazolin, cefamandole, cephalothin,
cephalexin, cefepime)
- Chloroquine
- Chloramphenicol
- Cisapride
- Florfenicol
- Fluconazole
- Fluoroquinolones
(enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, premafloxacin, norfloxacin,
orbifloxacin, marbofloxacin, moxifloxacin)
- Morphine
(and metabolites)
- NSAIDs
(ibuprofen, piroxicam, naproxen, flunixin, carprofen, etodolac)
- omeprazole
- Penciclovir,
famciclovir, acyclovir, and other antiviral drugs.
- Penicillins
(ampicillin/amoxicillin, penicillin, ticarcillin)
- Sulfonamides
- Tepoxalin
(and metabolite)
- Tetracyclines
(doxycycline, chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, tetracycline).
- Tramadol
(and metabolites).
*
For drugs not listed, the laboratory has the capabilities of
developing new analytical techniques.
Costs:
In order to recover consumable supplies, reagents, solvents,
equipment purchase and maintenance, and overhead there is a
general cost of analysis. Cost varies depending on the complexity
of the assay. Please check with laboratory supervisor before
submitting sample. Depending on specific needs for certain assays,
some costs may be higher than others. For drug assay development,
costs will be determined on an individual basis depending on
the length of time to develop an assay, purchase of column,
difficulty of assay, and validation studies performed.
Facilities:
The proposed research will be conducted in the Clinical Pharmacology
of Dr. Mark G. Papich. This laboratory is well equipped and
has the following equipment for HPLC drug analysis: The system
includes several solvent delivery systems and gradient controller.
The laboratory also has Agilent Technologies Series 1100 HPLC
equipment consisting of a solvent delivery system, automated
sampler, ultraviolet light, electrochemical, and fluorescence
detector, and the Series 1100 integrated software for chromatogram
analysis and integration. This laboratory has already validated
many of the assays that will be used for drug studies in animals.
Our laboratory uses USP reference standards, whenever possible
and follows guidelines established by USP for chromatography
analysis (USP-NF, General Chapter 621).
Data
analysis:
The laboratory has complete capabilities for data analysis.
The assays are performed with ChemStation software for integration
of chromatography. Pharmacokinetic analysis is available using
state-of-the-art analytical software (WinNonlin, Version 4.01,
WinNonMix, Version 2.1, SAAM-II, etc.). Statistical analysis
will be performed using SAS, (SAS, Cary, NC).
Sample
submission instructions:
- All
samples should be collected using heparin as an anticoagulant
(green top tubes).
- Centrifuge
samples and collect plasma.
- Store
plasma in a sturdy, screw-top tube that can withstand -80
freezing temperatures, and shipping. (Red-top type test
tubes usually crack when frozen at -80.)
- We
require a minimum of 0.5 mL (500 mL) for analysis, however
1.0 mL allows for extra in case repeat analysis is required.
- Whenever
possible, include blank plasma (untreated plasma) from untreated
animals that can be used for assay calibration and quality
control. Without blank samples to check, quality control
cannot be assured.
- All
samples need to be clearly labeled with ink that will not
wash off tube or be rubbed off. If tape is used for labeling,
be sure the tape will not come off the tube under freezing
conditions and when shipped.
- Include
a separate sheet, or computer file on Excel, a list of samples,
dose administered, sample identification, and drug to be
measured.
- Indicate
to whom an invoice can be sent to pay for drug analysis,
or include with samples a purchase order number (PO number).
- Ship
samples on ice, using overnight delivery.
- Do
not ship samples on a Thursday afternoon, Friday, or prior
to a holiday.
- Samples
will be analyzed by HPLC using UV or FL detection.
- Time
to analyze samples will depend on the number of samples
and previous arrangements made with the laboratory manager.
- Limit
of detection (LOD) for the assay varies with each assay.
Contact the lab to ensure that the limit of detection will
be high enough for your drug of interest.
- Send
a note or phone to let us know to expect samples that are
shipped.
- Try
to make arrangements for payment with the lab before you
ship the samples. Sample cost of analysis can be variable
depending on the method, sample clean-up required and other
costs. Some assays may require an assay development cost
also. Check with laboratory prior to sending samples to
determine the cost of the study.
- Ship
samples to
Dr. Mark Papich , Professor (mark_papich@ncsu.edu), or
Ms. Delta Dise, Lab Supervisor, (delta_plummer@ncsu.edu)
Laboratory Room B-230
College of Veterinary Medicine
North Carolina State University
4700 Hillsborough Street
Raleigh, North Carolina 27606
Phone: 919-513-6385.
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